Understanding the Different Types of Dementia

There are several different types of dementia, however, all types relate back to neurological conditions that affect the brain. Dementia is a condition that affects millions of people, especially those who are aging.

In this blog post, we’ll explore the different types of dementia, the defining characteristics of each and how you can offer tailored assistance to those affected.

Let’s get started:

What is Dementia?

If you’re reading this blog post, you most likely have a general sense of what dementia is and you may know a loved one who has it.

By definition, dementia is not a specific disease, but an umbrella term used to describe a range of neurological conditions that affect the brain and interferes with daily life. It can affect memory, thinking, reasoning and the ability to perform everyday tasks.

The four most common and different types of dementia are Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia and frontotemporal dementia.

Alzheimer’s Disease

Among all the different types of dementia, Alzheimer’s is the most common, accounting for 60-80% of all cases. With this type of dementia, age is the most significant risk factor, with the likelihood increasing after the age of 65. Genetics, family history and lifestyle factors should be taken into account as well.

Symptoms:

• Mild: Memory loss, repeating questions, wandering or getting lost
• Moderate: Confusion, issues with recognizing friends and family, impulsive behavior
• Severe: Difficulty speaking, walking and swallowing

If you are wondering whether a loved one or someone you know may have Alzheimer’s, it may be time to take them in to have a comprehensive medical evaluation and cognitive test.

Alzheimer’s disease can be particularly challenging for senior living communities that do not offer memory care due to its progressive nature. That’s why specialized care neighborhoods and support is essential to maintaining resident’s quality of life.  Learn about our memory care services: https://ivyliving.com/memory-care/

Vascular Dementia

This type of dementia is caused by impaired blood flow to the brain which is often caused by a stroke or small blood vessel disease. Vascular Dementia also occurs in those over the age of 65.

Symptoms:

• Trouble concentrating or following instructions
• Forgetting current or past events
• Hallucinations or delusions
• Poor judgement and organization

Vascular dementia differs from the other types of dementia in that there are certain preventative steps one can take. By managing cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes, one can reduce the risk of this type of dementia.

Lewy Body Dementia

Lewy Body dementia occurs when there is a presence of abnormal protein deposits in the brain that affect the brain’s chemical messengers. This type of dementia can occur at the age of 50 or older.

Symptoms:

• Cognitive decline: trouble concentrating and staying alert. Disorganized or illogical ideas
• Movement: Loss of coordination, muscle rigidity and reduced facial expression
• Sleep disorders: insomnia and daytime sleepiness
• Visual hallucinations

Lewy Body dementia is quite complex and requires a specialist to make a definitive diagnosis. In order to best manage symptoms, early diagnosis is crucial.

Frontotemporal Dementia

Frontotemporal dementia includes several subtypes, each affects different parts of the brain which causes distinct symptoms. Out of the different types of dementia, Frontotemporal can occur the earliest with the age range being between 45 and 64.

Symptoms:

• Behavioral and emotional: difficulty planning and organizing, impulsive, personality changes
• Movement: shaky hands, issues with balance and walking
• Language: issues speaking or understanding speech

Since there are several different types of Frontotemporal disorders with varying symptoms, understanding the specific type is crucial for providing appropriate care and support.

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Less Common Types of Dementia

In addition to the above types, there are rarer forms of dementia such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and Huntington’s disease. These conditions require specialized care and expertise.

Support for Different Types of Dementia

Symptoms can be very similar among different types of dementia and in some cases, a person can have more than one form of it. That’s why supporting a loved one or caring for residents with dementia requires a person-centered care approach. Here are some tips:

1. Tailored Care Plans: Develop individualized care plans that address residents’ unique needs, preferences, and abilities.
2. Dementia-Friendly Environments: Create safe and dementia-friendly living spaces with clear signage, familiar objects, and calming colors.
3. Dementia Care Training: Ensure all caregivers receive dementia-specific training to understand and respond to behaviors and needs.
4. Engagement Activities: Offer activities that stimulate memory and cognitive function, such as art therapy, music therapy, and reminiscence sessions.
5. Family Involvement: Keep your family involved in care decisions, seek out dementia care experts to provide resources and support.

Here at Oakmont Senior Living, we consider compassion and finding the best methods of care for residents with dementia our highest priority. We’d love for you to join our serene community where you’ll find daily rejuvenating treatments and revitalizing activities geared to ease symptoms of dementia. Contact us today for a tour.